Groups Scales

Veterans

Veterans’ spouses

Close relatives

P value

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Physical symptoms

4.83 ± 13.48

4.88 ± 9.64

5.56 ± 5.53

0.000 F = 14

Anxiety and insomnia

4.53 ± 13.08

5.88 ± 10.45

6.39 ± 6.86

0.001 F = 7

Performance failure

4.37 ± 11.43

4.62 ± 9.32

4.69 ± 7.06

0.007 F = 7

Depression symptoms

5.07 ± 6.83

4.63 ± 4.80

4.28 ± 2.60

0.015 F = 4.4

GHQ global score

44.13 ± 14.4

34.19 ± 15.2

21.73 ± 17.32

0.0000 f = 12